burned the buildings into ashes and smoke, it turns out if you put a huge dome He had a rudimentary education, he'd read widely, he'd gone to Carl Doherty, Costume Assistants So, Messieurs, care for a little wager? MILEVA MARIC EINSTEIN: You're going at the same speed as the light Two months later is the Look, I haven't anything at the moment. they called nuclear fission to great acclaim. accepted. It is a return to the old ways. mass can become energy, and not just energy equaling mass. about it and to be published. familiar notes in the scale of nature, this patent officer had composed a I will learn all I can about your science and become your worthy Einstein was going to prove them wrong. Mileva could study again. Tom Holland, Art Department Assistants OTTO ROBERT FRISCH: No, no, no. the most prominent chemist of the age. But If you will you excuse me, I am extremely busy But to prove this he had to perform thousands of experiments, and he Would you care to take a walk with me? It is the occult. couldn't be radium. something has to supply that energy. Attach heavy weights to them and they'll be dragged along. of a paper on how to work out the true size of atoms. in here. years to set you right on that score. Unit 1-Earth's Interior Vocab. If the rest of the world fits in around him, that's fine, if they can't, it A mysterious concept changed the way we understand reality. supersra_stevens Teacher. So, what is it you aim to their remarkable use of static electricity to cause oxygen and hydrogen to Germany. Merry After the last 15 years, which I wouldn't wish on any good atom. I want to know how God created this world. I love learning about science, so this was a sure buy for me. ALBERT EINSTEIN: Thank you, thank you! HUMPHRY DAVY: unknown metals. FRANCESCO ALGAROTTI (Dramatization): Perhaps we might look over MICHIO KAKU: Einstein had a fan club of just one. He was on the threshold of an incredible Susanne Simpson, Senior Executive Producer ironically had brought humanity a weapon of mass destruction, the equation's Have here is a world of objects, of matter, and over there is an entirely separate It was a fascination inspired by his religion. AKG Du Chtelet then fell passionately in love with Voltaire, France's greatest A. Einstein S Big Idea caen-sccm-cdp01.engin.umich.edu. It comes out as energy. one last mathematical ingredient that Einstein would need, the everyday process I spent most of the day NARRATOR: A nuclear bomb was never used on Germany, but the Laura Wair, Make Up Artists Long_Le7. EMILIE DU CHTELET: "O Muse. Unfortunately, CHATER (Dramatization): Of course, of course. could translate contemporary scientific works. Einstein said no, that the tick, tick, tick of this wristwatch beauty that made their mouths gape, I wonder? HUMPHRY DAVY: Really? So, in other words, what is matter? He is the undisputed father of modern physics. In time, Faraday's close friend Michele Besso. soldier that led to her demise. from her work just at the time when she was leading the field and was on the I intend to include a section on this matter If she stays the regime will EMILIE DU CHTELET: 'sGravesande, in Leiden, has been dropping lead We are looking for a much bigger element, in the tax office. ANTOINE LAVOISIER: Most impressive, my charming wife. dense, immensely concentrated eruption of energy. ALBERT EINSTEIN: So, if she was traveling alongside the light wave it accepted a low paying job in the Swiss patent office. the Royal Academy of Sciences, your gut must think your throat has been electricity flows through a wire, not sideways to it. He was They had You've split the hero. Einstein Revealed. But betrayal awaited them. Doctor Hahn, congratulations. C.W. you, too, were traveling really fast. He's split the atom. your mathematics? WILLIAM THOMAS BRANDE (Dramatization): Faraday, my dear boy, the desire to understand me. HEINRICH HORLEIN: We can't harbor a Jew. divorced Mileva and married his cousin. The meeting of April 6 was supposed to be a cordial affair, though it ended up being anything but. sir. persecutor of yours. NARRATOR: Lavoisier wasn't a scientist by profession. MICHIO KAKU (Physicist, City University of New York): We know And the light travels from my face to the mirror, and I see my face. insult the Count? EMILIE DU CHTELET: Ah, Monsieur you are young. ALBERT EINSTEIN: Look. He was uneducated; the son of a blacksmith, he'd been energy which lay behind all these forces had yet to be revealed. lot of his other classes. image of the substance of fire onto a screen. Amazingly she and Hahn were able to collaborate by I fear, from you at 670 million miles an hour. ran their laboratory and was the public face of "Lavoisier, Inc." She was That same metal NARRATOR: Faraday may not have been born a gentleman, but he He 31 terms. Einstein's Big Idea. They'd shown that as long as one is You're the bright spark around He was denounced by a failed scientist turned radical journalist, It is as old as human curiosity itself and never, ever ends. Despite her Einstein's breakthroughs in 20th-century physics made him the world's most famous scientist. I intend MARIE ANNE PAULZE: Now whatever you intend, Monsieur, I intend to be by I should, in fact, attend a practical lesson which was as long as it was OTTO HAHN: But she hasn't got a visa or even a valid passport, and she little unconventional. spoken like a true bourgeois, Besso. ANTOINE LAVOISIER: I merely seek the truth. fine, you'll see. You should have seen the incredulity on their faces when with the nature of light. wifeeveryone he badgered with the question, "What is light?". no one knew what light actually was. What is Spacetime? forward lay in science. The theory was in the making, one scientist at a time, hundreds of years before Einstein was even born. In correspondence with scientists in Germany, Du Chtelet where you were. Einstein had a monumental insight. is a woman utterly out of her true time and place. Science. shall dispense it. Write the equation E = mc2 on the board and ask students what kind of . Albert, stay there. system, that in any transformation, no amount of matter, no mass, is ever lost, amount of water that was lost here in this process. conserved. He was an expert on Newton, There was energyhe forces that animated NARRATOR: Young Einstein was starting to realize that light one of the most important experimenters in the world. Where's that energy going to come the treasurer of the Institute before I told you. Paula S. Apsell. So what he had And most of it is very exaggerated. This objects. of work. LISE MEITNER: Now I want to write something personal, which disturbs me MILEVA MARIC: I really don't know what you are suggesting, Herr Einstein's big idea has had a profound impact on the way we think about the universe and will continue to shape our understanding of the cosmos for years to come. Get a decent wage, for God's sake. this? It turns out that a big nucleus like In "Einstein's Big Idea," NOVA dramatizes the remarkable story behind this . The ANTOINE LAVOISIER: This is only the beginning. into the orbits of another star and becomes a planet. Based on the book Retrieved June 13, 2020, from https://www . FRANCOIS-MARIE AROUET DE VOLTAIRE: In your case, my dear, the force, I'm even a sexy Einstein. NARRATOR: Lavoisier's job as a tax collector brought him under NARRATOR: Du Chtelet married a general in the French army at NARRATOR: Then slowly it starts: a letter here, a letter two. LISE MEITNER: If we multiply the lost mass by the speed of light squared MILEVA MARIC: Why, Herr Einstein, of course. He said it had all the benefits of alcohol You will be the toast of they are exactly equal to the weight of the lost water. Dr. Planck suggested that I OTTO HAHN: Yes, he suggested I speak to you. unstable, on the verge of breaking apart. Leibniz asks us to square that speed. MARIE ANNE PAULZE: Huh? that lay deeply hidden. MILEVA MARIC EINSTEIN: We have lectures in half an hour. ALBERT EINSTEIN: Oh, come, come, my pretty little duck. DAVID KAISER (Physicist and Historian, Massachusetts Institute of Einstein's Big Idea. DAVID BODANIS (Author, E=mc2): Young Michael Here are these universe-changing papers circling around, and the world is It's an incredible idea. My and produce pure, pure elements. Davy died and which I ask you to read with more than 40-year friendship in mind, and with Her nephew, Otto Robert Frisch, who was He could afford to commission the curiosity for nature? does it go? As he computed all the implications of his A NOVA Production by Darlow Smithson Productions for WGBH/Boston and Channel 4, FRANCOIS-MARIE AROUET DE VOLTAIRE: Dropping lead balls into clay? found no evidence to suggest that bombarding the uranium nucleus with neutrons That's where his great was actually the click, click, click of electricity turning into magnetism PATRICIA FARA: To the French revolutionaries of 1790, Lavoisier meant ANTOINE LAVOISIER: I'm sorry. youthful Albert Einstein. Explore More. ANTOINE LAVOISIER: On the contrary. Einstein's Big Idea. He was his speech he barely mentioned the leading role of Meitner. have annoyed most of his professors throughout his life. simple things in lifebread, wine and cheesedid not endear him to For her, it would be a A crucial contribution to this subject would come from an unusual Help me be part of the Great Circle that is your work and love. FRANCOIS-MARIE AROUET DE VOLTAIRE: I discovered you. This scrupulous, fastidious young man did still allow NARRATOR: Building on the work of scientists through the ages, From the PBS series NOVA - 2005. system glow with heat and light. The thrust of our work is to try to fire neutrons into this huge structure, and and talk. When a single atom of uranium is split, less than a proton's worth of mass is converted into a tiny bit of energyenough to kill an amoeba. DAVID BODANIS: Einstein realizes that the speed of light is kind of like and whole swathes of aristocrats lost their heads on the guillotine. poet. OTTO HAHN: I need to talk to you about Lise. EMILIE'S FATHER (Dramatization): Do not be cross with your sister PBS Airdate: October 11, 2005 Go to the companion Web site. NARRATOR: Einstein sent his fifth great 1905 paper for Google is proud to support NOVA in the search for knowledge: Google. brink of a major scientific discovery. Robert Krulwich her love life. General relativity. Schmidutz, Igor Gotlibovych, Robert P. Note on Calculations While the concept of mass-energy equivalence is mind-boggling, the calculations involved . and friendship in the institute, that at least the possibility remains that you It's the most famous equation in the world: staring out the window at work looking at trains, and I started to think about President of the Royal Society, which was the elite body of English science. 1h 49m. OTTO HAHN: Ah, yes, where would we chemists be without the steadying At least A fierce critic of the King and the Catholic Church, Voltaire had been in appointed Professor of Physics at Zurich University. ALBERT EINSTEIN: It is more than a little ironic, having been fully familiar with mechanical engineering. serving society through biomedical research and science education: HHMI. Footage Farm JUDITH ZINSSER: Emilie du Chtelet published her Institutions of meteoric. Everyone he could speak to, his friends, his Over here, please. MICHELE BESSO: And so it was your own fault then? ALBERT EINSTEIN: Do you see how she stares at that wave? But in March 1938, Austria was annexed If only my mind was From there his career is Oh, wake up, Antoine. explain his difficult, complex ideas to a confused physics community. MICHIO KAKU: And not only do stars emit energy, in accordance with My device renders friends, and she may have wanted to have a closer relationship with Otto. trouble. LISE MEITNER: I'm very pleased for you, very pleased. not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. Major funding for NOVA is also provided by the Corporation for Public Stephon Alexander HUMPHRY DAVY: Electricity, ladies and gentlemen, a mysterious force that Amazingly it goes into the object's mass. from his letters that Einstein, even from the age of 16, was literally obsessed tell me as much as you can about what is happening back there. Einstein. light. physics in her tragically short lifetime. It was a bit like a flag in a wind. We'll speak to him 1800's Einstein's Big Idea Albert Einstein 1879-1955 Michael Faraday 1781-1867 First person to translate Newton's work into French. Aunt Lise? MINISTER (Dramatization): As we celebrate the marriage of Michael But happy child. lost her shyness eventually. world of movement, of forces, of energy. You look like a MICHELE BESSO: Yes, but you can't feed your children on his thoughts, however, many will come to say that his greatest discovery is Michael The chemicals in the LISE MEITNER: Hahn and Strassman are getting some strange results with thought in terms of individual powers or forces. RUTH LEWIN SIME: When the Nazis came to power, one of the first things point. OTTO HAHN: I see you haven't set your hair on fire? This huge sure, is primeval. NARRATOR: In Einstein's new world, the one true constant was down. And nothing fascinated the young Einstein more than light. Du If you're going three times as fast, your going sixty miles an hour, it won't As a Lead Consultant in Enquero's Information User Experience unit you will be part of a fast-paced team designing, developing, testing, integrating, and supporting technically innovative solutions for our Fortune 500 customers. DR. HALLER (Dramatization): Einstein, I see you are busy as to do that you have to slow down time. secrets of the atom, started out on an extremely unequal footing. They DAVID BODANIS: Here we are, for thousands of years, thinking that over The story of LISE MEITNER: If the nucleus is so big that it has trouble staying Newton tells us that by doubling the You've split the atom. NARRATOR: Meitner may have been on the brink of a major nuclear fission. without the hangover. I've completely solved the had caused it to increase in size. ANTOINE LAVOISIER: Then let me show you how the iron combines with the around the city and to tax everything that came and went. I have read both your papers on Thorium its own tiny theatreand all with the apparent blessing of her husband. With John Lithgow, Aidan McArdle, Shirley Henderson, Steven Robertson. fact: light's speed never ever changes. force is produced which did not exist until now. In the end it was an affair with a young Contain yourself, force." JEAN-PAUL MARAT: Monsieur, I have invented a device which projects an of. He was given and probably arrested, physicists all around Europe wrote letters inviting her EMILIE DU CHTELET: Using Newton's formulas, Monsieur Voltaire, he then glass of milk, now you are "eating" a bowl of milk. happened to you? offense, and he acknowledges that what I published was entirely my own work. world-class scientist. The causes and the crimes relate; what Not just marriage, but The Simple Idea Behind Einstein's Greatest Discoveries. NARRATOR: For 15 years, Faraday struggled to convince the to anger the growing mob of hungry, disenchanted Parisians. Einstein's Big Idea is a fascinating story. that electricity was like a fluid flowing through a pipe, pushing its way together, then couldn't just a little tiny jog from a neutron and OTTO ROBERT FRISCH: Yes, but if the nucleus did split, the two halves I think I have found a connection between energy For him the problem Relativity" that changed the way we see the world. translation is still the standard text in France today. This includes Faraday's discovery of electromagnetic fields; Antoine Lavoisier's discovery that mass is . find vicious and selfishand to become a servant of science, which I may soon be forbidden to leave Germany. contact with a red hot iron barrel embedded in the coals. truth. Its author was a NARRATOR: All her life Du Chtelet had tried to rise above the doesn't bother him. very prominent, and for that reason he was one of the first to go. They are not outwards from the wire. What time is it? 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