Even when there is a significant majority of one party in the government (as the GOP encountered in 2016), it can still be difficult to create monumental changes that impact everyone. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you Federalism test policies and training of leaders. From the above explanation, one can rightly say that the constitution of Nigeria and United States of America are federal constitutions while the constitution of France and the Republic of Ireland are Unitary constitutions. Fiscal Federalism In Nigeria - Understanding The Core Issues By Kayode Oladele. 3 What are advantages and disadvantages of Constitution? It is also an undisputed fact that the Hausas and Yorubas fought Biafra to keep the unity of Nigeria. Because communities can set their own laws (within reason) under a federalist structure, it becomes possible for some population groups to place the wants of the majority over the needs of the entire community. 23 November. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. May 7, 2015. The federal system increases the opportunities for average citizens to participate in government. ##### 483. But, unfortunately, this has largely remained a dream due to the moral and political distortions inherent in our leadership. But besides these three major tribes, there are over 350 other smaller tribes with diverse languages and dialects. By diffusing power to multiple branches of office, like the U.S. does with the executive, legislative, and judicial segments, it becomes more challenging for one division to take over the country. Excellent, thanks a lot f Another factor that prompted the adoption of federalism in Nigeria is the fear of insecurity and the desire for union. Copyright 2023 - IvyPanda is operated by, Continuing to use IvyPanda you agree to our, Federalism System, Its Advantages and Disadvantages, Anti-Anti Immigration: Principles to Make Migration Work, Australian Education System from 1788 to 1948, The Peopling Process of Australia Since 1788 With Influence of Racism, Methods of Dealing with Problems of Federalism, National and State Powers in American Federalism, Reasons for increase in the Powers of the Nation since 1788, Federalism and Government Styles in the United States, Federal versus State Regulation of Insurance Industry in United States. Federalism can be structured to benefit only the rich. The Supreme Court of the United States underscored the point when it said that "the people of the United States are an integral, not a composite mass, and their unity and identity, in this . Nigeria's independence was gotten and founded on the basis of a federalist system of Government. Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. Federalism encourages innovation in governing. Thus, from 1914 to 1946, 1963, 1967, 1976, 1987 and 1993 the Nigerian The database is updated daily, so anyone can easily find a relevant essay example. They are better suited to deal with the true things that need to be changed. This post will give you some insight into why federalism was adopted as the system of governance in Nigeria. This was due to several reasons such as: Dye, Thomas. Nigeria has seen itself as a federal structure since its transition from colonialism in 1960, although it has undergone periods of parliamentary and presidential federalism . The central government can sometimes overlook these differences and adopt policies which cater to the majority. Political institutions, Kinship ties, Origin of towns and their cultural antecedents are enriched with similar history. 7. 1. federalism. Your privacy is extremely important to us. Nigeria as a country occupies a large geographical area and what she has as singular states in Nigeria is the equivalent of the entirety of some other African countries. 5. /Filter /DCTDecode What Are The Advantages Of Federalism? However, it is also fact that since independence Nigeria has promulgated several constitutions and that if Nigeria wanted an alternative system of government, she could have opted for it. Which of the following could be considered of the advantages of federalism and decentralization? Thus, federalism seemed to be the only option left for Nigeria because it allows for popular participation in government. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". In the EU, the members of the upper houses in the government are not elected or appointed, but they serve as delegates of their respective governments. Hurry Now click here to Apply >> Immigrate to Canada (i)Cultural diversity, (ii) fear of domination by minorities, (iii). (2019) 'Federalism System, Its Advantages and Disadvantages'. There are natural disasters, national welfare aid distributed to the states for authorization, public education resources, and many more benefits or circumstances where someone must navigate each level of government to find the results they want. 2023. They will then have special authority to control interstate businesses and trade with the foreign countries. The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". The Nigerian federalism is a creation of the British. The only way that American federalism was going to be restored and maintained was by reinstating major principals and empowering the state. You cannot drive a horse in Indiana above a set speed limit of 10mph. Federalism is a mixed system of government with a major feature of power decentralization where the general government often called the Federal Government leads the states governments who are almost just as powerful. +roiF9_? AK ku nh4P9\ }}31Ik "V mk@G~ . There is no way to obtain runaway power in this structure unless voters approve of that process first. It has severally been emphasized by both the Northern and Western politicians that God did not create Nigeria but the British. Nigeria is the most populous black country and this has earned us an alias, giant of Africa. Examples of countries that practice federalism with a rigid constitution are; Nigeria, US etc. One state might reduce their subsidy benefits to encourage people to move to a different state that offers a higher benefit. On the subject of policy innovation, Supreme Court Justice Louis Brandeis observed in 1932 that "a single courageous state may, if its citizens choose, serve as a laboratory; and . People become more involved with their government in a variety of ways when federalism is the structure in place. Samuel is bent on changing the legal profession by building Web and Mobile Apps that will make legal research a lot easier. 1. limits the power of federal officials to determine local polices. It . Importance of Federalism in Nigeria. Dispersing of government power between the state and the nation offers greater protection against emergence of tyrannical government. 2.3 It Creates Protection Against Tyranny. The centralization of Nigeria's fiscal federalism began with the report of the Dina Commission (1968) which argued that an appropriate revenue allocation system should result in a more equitable distribution of revenue among the states to achieve a balanced development of the federation. 2.D - Advantages to Federalism. Every province has political, social and economic problems peculiar to the region itself. The history of Ijaw, Edo, Igala, Yoruba, Igbo, Nupe and Hausa Kingdoms are enriched with social-political relationships that existed before the emergence of the white man. a. Rich states offer more opportunities and benefits to its citizens than poor states can. Because each community can create their own set of laws and rules in a system of federalism (especially in the United States), then the structure can create unwanted competition for resources that seeks to limit some demographics. Federalism increases the level of participation by individuals. Thus, the failure of Nigerian federalism can be attributed to its' abundance and dependence on oil resources. The Benefits of Federalism Among the merits of federalism are that it promotes policy innovation and political participation and accommodates diversity of opinion. The unity here is brought about by the desire of the component units of the federation to form union in respect of some matters. Real federalism has never existed in Nigeria (Ajasin, 1992; Odisu, 2015). The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". 6. "Federalism System, Its Advantages and Disadvantages." Thus, it is often said that only rich countries can afford it. Live, Study and Work in Canada. The Founders of this country identified several reasons for creating a federalist government: To evade tyrannical rule This is so because where federal principles apply, the various ethnic groups that cannot or dont form majority to produce large part may have the opportunity of governing themselves within their federating unit controlled by them. Both scenarios pose a threat to the countries integrity. By the time Nigeria got her independence, the various party involved had been regionally based. To avert this domination, states unite to form a strong, virile and stable union capable of withstanding external attacks. 150 Cute Korean girl names and their meanings you will love, 100+ romantic love messages for husband to make him feel loved, Elon Musk loses richest man title again as Bill Gates threatens Jeff Bezos, Dangote slides, ANA congratulates Tinubu, warns Obasanjo against undermining democracy, Know your State's returning officers for 2023 presidential election as INEC declares Tinubu president-elect, 2023 presidential election results: Full list of states Labour Party's Peter Obi won, Work with Soludo: Metchi tells Tony Nwoye, Macpee, Emeka Idu. In a federal system, power is shared by the national and state governments. This was one of the major reasons for the creation of the newer and smaller states after the independence. This was meant to re-establish proper rule and national governance. advantages of federalism 1.people feel more involved 2.separation of power to help create checks and balance that are in play rather than let all one body hold all the power Endogenous (De)centralization The key intuition of fiscal federalism theory is that the benefits of decentralization are positively correlated with the geographic 5. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Nigeria is the most populous black country and this has earned us an alias, "giant of Africa". Six particular advantages merit some discussion here: 8. Elazar, Daniel. Thus each unit can exercise functions that they are well suited which promotes efficiency. IvyPanda. Under this type, there exist a balkanization of formerly unitary state near disintegration and its diversities which progress to a state. For example, when typhoon Katrina hit Greater New Orleans, USA, in 2005, there was delay in the rescue work as there was confusion between the state governments and the federal government on who is responsible for which disaster management work. Notify me of follow-up comments by email. Need to regulate interstate commerce power. They believe that the federal government should be able to: make policy in its areas of jurisdiction without consulting the provinces; have access to most of the revenue from taxation ; and make conditional grants to provinces even in matters outside its jurisdiction. This seemed to be the default option given its heterogeneous nature. There is no doubt that geographical factored are one of the influential reasons for federalism in Nigeria. 2. This goal has not been realized, as most of these states are incapable of standing for themselves financially. 2 Top 5 Advantages Of Federalism. That means some people in the U.S. must follow four different sets of laws. Read Also:Importance of Indigenization in Nigeria. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mpC_7fPE3-A. The federal system makes decision making more complex and difficult. We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. The states' territories were formed around ethnic groups with common interest and close ties, culture, and dialects. The political parties involved in the first republic were more formed on a regional basis. What Countries Use Federalism? A federal system allows citizens to compare political systems and 'vote with their feet' by moving to a state they find more congenial. Don't want to keep filling in name and email whenever you want to comment? Elected officials are closer to what a citizen is than a state official under this structure, which means people can visit a local office to express their opinions without a fear of judgment. Read Also:Importance of Journalism in Nigeria. Advantages of federalism. The Benefits of Federalism. Federalism therefore involves the linkage of individuals, groups and policies in lasting but limited union in such a way as to provide for the energetic pursuit of common goals while maintaining the respective integrities of all parties. What are the advantages of federalism in Nigeria? The first military head of state was dethroned for adopting unitary system of government yet successive military administration in practice follow unitary principle instead of federal system. Hence, the problem with the Nigerian fiscal federalism can be explained in terms of its historical origin and the character of its federal fiscal arrangements or regimes as well as we as blatant . Thats not to say that all actions are a disadvantage. Jega, A. Common national, racial, religious, cultural linguistic or social ties have often contributed to the unification of political unit. Register or login to receive notifications when there's a reply to your comment or update on this information. If you go to Colorado, then it is illegal to keep a couch on your porch. The structure of federalism encourages local communities to self-govern in the most efficient manner possible. You are not allowed to sell the hair of a dog or cat in Delaware. The full explanation of Nigeria's federalism. It should be noted that the Federal Military Government had earlier by fiat taken proceeds from offshore prospecting and drilling activities directly under federal eminent domain. The United States, Canada, India, France and Australia adopted federalism because of the desire for security by the various ethnic units. IvyPanda. Opinion. Below are the reasons why Nigeria adopted a federal system of government: The major reason for the adoption of federal system of government in Nigeria is borne out of the historical experience that brought all the ethical groups together under one Nigeria. The Nigerian Constitution supports decentralised electricity regulation. It established that the resources of a particular state is not totally owned by the federal government. Possessing a lot of power will enable them have the authority to raise navy and armies that could control tragedies from happening by protecting the nation. In his judgment, Ogundare JSC agreed that the provisions to Sections 162(2) of the constitution re-stabilized the principle of derivation. Increasing Citizen Participation - By not centralizing all power into the hands of a IvyPanda. For example, in countries with states that speak different languages, regional schools can provide multilingual education. Written constitution are mostly rigid, with cumbersome amendment procedure, which leads to the problem of how to easily amend it to make it suit changing needs and time. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. For the United States, there are local, country, and state governing authorities which all have a unique set of laws and regulations for people to follow. No doubt, the Ethnic, Religious and Geographical nature of Nigeria also contributed to the reason why federalism was adopted. "Federalism System, Its Advantages and Disadvantages." Roxy Horner biography: who is Jack Whitehalls girlfriend? Just clear tips and lifehacks for every day, Advantages of Federal System of Government. In conclusion, federalism has both advantages and disadvantages. This is to ensure that everyone feels a sense of belonging. American Federalism: A View from the States. fiscal federalism and Nigeria development indexes (measured in terms of per capita income, literacy rate and infant mortality rate). Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. 2. lessens the risk of one political party gain to monopoly on political power. /Subtype /Image %PDF-1.5 Check your inbox to be the first to know the hottest news. It can also be used as a way to change local laws when they arent shifting at the national level. Nigeria's federalism as well as the federal character principle application to the extent that there is today a growing concern that the situation produces some ripple Here, both the majority and minority are represented in the government. This normally causes disintegration and internal conflicts among different states (Dye, 114). 1. In the Nigerian federalism there is no dichotomy or antithesis between the nation and the people living in different geographical locations of the country. 6. The results that come from these efforts can then be useful when deciding if such an idea should be rolled out to the rest of the country. November 23, 2019. https://ivypanda.com/essays/federalism-2/. I love this article,very educating and interesting Nigeria 's independence was gotten and founded on the basis of a dog or in. ; giant of Africa Apps that will make legal research a lot easier to participate in.... Federalism because of the British the state and the people living in different geographical locations the! The hair of a dog or cat in Delaware over 350 other smaller with! Variety of ways when federalism is a creation of the following could be considered the. 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Name and email whenever you want to comment participate in government federalism and decentralization alias, quot! Dog or cat in Delaware cultural linguistic or social ties have often contributed to the why. And decentralization a reply to your comment or update on this information of that first... Common national, racial, religious, cultural linguistic or social ties often. Four different sets of laws name, email, and website in this for... A variety of ways when federalism is a creation of the federation to form in. Will make legal research a lot easier power into the hands of a state.