Mutations in rrs were observed in 26 isolates (28%). The Fitness Cost of Streptomycin Resistance Depends on rpsL Mutation, Carbon Source and RpoS (sS) Wilhelm Paulander,*,†,1 Sophie Maisnier-Patin‡,1 and Dan I. Andersson*,2 *Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Box 582, S-75123 Uppsala, Sweden, †Department Streptomycin (SM) is one of the most effective drugs for the treatment of multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis. Mol Microbiol. 2. In addition to rpsL, the rrs gene (which encodes 16S ribosomal RNA) has been implicated in streptomycin resistance with a frequency of about 10%. 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 Antimicrob Agents Chemother. rapid detection of drug resistance against isoniazid, rifampicin, amikacin, capreomycin, streptomycin and fluoroquinolones in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Erwinia amylovora can rapidly become highly resistant to applications of the antibiotic streptomycin through a single nucleotide mutation in the rpsL gene, which causes an amino acid substitution that prevents inhibitory binding of streptomycin while preserving the functionality of the ribosome. In addition to rpsL, the rrs gene (which encodes 16S ribosomal RNA) has been implicated in streptomycin resistance with a frequency of about 10%. By continuing you agree to the use of cookies. 2018 Oct 17;9(1):4306. doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-06634-y. | Other molecular mechanisms, such as reduced cell permeability to aminoglycosides or presence of drug-modifying enzymes, might contribute to its streptomycin resistance. 2019 Jul 25;11(1):45. doi: 10.1186/s13073-019-0660-8. Finken M, Kirschner P, Meier A, Wrede A, Böttger EC. We have demonstrated that five singly SmR M. tuberculosis strains and an SmR isolate that has reduced sensitivity to multiple antibiotics have identical point mutations at codon 43 of the rpsL gene. The rpsL gene encodes the 12S subunit protein, with mutations at codons 43 (A/G, Lys→Arg, Thr) and 88 (A/G/C, Lys→Gln, Arg, Thr) predominant. The complete recessiveness of rpsL streptomycin resistance mutations explains the absence of resistant mutants in the multicopy treatment because even if the plasmid-mediated copy of rpsL mutates and reaches fixation prior to plating, the wild-type chromosomal copy of the gene masks the resistance phenotype. COVID-19 is an emerging, rapidly evolving situation. Cohen KA, Manson AL, Desjardins CA, Abeel T, Earl AM. Copyright © 2021 Elsevier B.V. or its licensors or contributors. C onclusions: Streptomycin resistance is mainly related to mutation at codons 43 and 88 "rpsL" gene and to a lesser extent "rrs" that are the greatest cause of drug resistance to streptomycin. Streptomycin, the first antibiotic used in tuberculosis control programs, perturbs protein synthesis at the ribosome level. Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! 2. The rpsL genes of various bacteria have consensus regions in their sequences. The rpsL gene encodes the S12 protein of the ribosomal complex. Abstract Streptomycin (SM) is one of the most effective drugs for the treatment of multidrug resistant (MDR) TB. Recently, the gidB gene was found to be associated with low-level streptomycin resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The mutation pattern and frequency related to SM resistance Frequencies of streptomycin-resistance associated rpsL and rrs mutations in 86 Mycobacterium tuberculosis Beijing and non-Beijing strains with acquired resistance Beijing Non-Beijing rpsL codon 43 mutation 58 (88) 8 (40) rpsL codon 88 mutations 3 (4.5) 7 (35) rrs mutations 2 (3) 3 (15) Wild type 3 (4.5) 2 (10) Total 66 (100) 20 (100) Genetic analyses revealed that a streptomycin-resistant mutation str-6 in strain TK24 is responsible for induction of antibiotic synthesis. Nat Commun. A 1.3-kb cassette was constructed comprising a kanamycin (Kn) resistance marker ( kan ) and a counterselectable rpsL +marker. The Fitness Cost of Streptomycin Resistance Depends on rpsL Mutation, Carbon Source and RpoS (sS) Wilhelm Paulander,*,†,1 Sophie Maisnier-Patin‡,1 and Dan I. Andersson*,2 *Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Box 582, S-75123 Uppsala, Sweden, †Department 8,10 All 23 highly resistant strains with point mutations in rpsL were … 1996 ). 6,7,8,9 Recent studies have also shown that low-level streptomycin resistance (MIC ≥ 10 mg/L) is determined by different genes from high-level streptomycin resistance (MIC ≥ 160 mg/L). NLM The rpsL genes of 172 clinical isolates were amplified by PCR and classified into two groups on the basis of MboII restriction digestion. These were at nucleotides 513 (A→C, n = 8) and 516 (C→T, n = 6), and six novel mutations at nucleotides 483 (A→T, n = 2), 485 (A→G, n = 2), 496 (G→A, n = 2), 795 (C→T, n = 6), 870 (C→T, n = 3), and 907 (A→C, n = 3), with some isolates showing more than one mutation. The K42N and P90S mutations increase the accuracy of translation, leading to a consequential reduction in translation rate and thereby reduced fitness in rich medium and in mice ( K urland et al. Read 1 answer by scientists to the question asked by Merijn L M Salverda on Feb 13, 2020 This site needs JavaScript to work properly. Identification and Characterization of Genetic Determinants of Isoniazid and Rifampicin Resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Southern India. The presence of the aadE gene encoding aminoglycoside 6-adenylyltransferase was also evaluated. Frequencies of streptomycin-resistance associated rpsL and rrs mutations in 86 Mycobacterium tuberculosis Beijing and non-Beijing strains with acquired resistance Beijing Non-Beijing rpsL codon 43 mutation 58 (88) 8 (40) rpsL codon 88 mutations 3 (4.5) 7 (35) rrs mutations 2 (3) 3 (15) Wild type 3 (4.5) 2 (10) Total 66 (100) 20 (100) To characterize the mechanisms of streptomycin (STR) resistance in Campylobacter coli, we chose 17 isolates that were resistant to STR, erythromycin (ERY), or both, and the putative STR resistance target genes rpsL, rrs, and gidB were analyzed for mutations. Interestingly, the four streptomycin‐sensitive … rpsL in streptomycin resistant M. tuberculosis strains.The purpose of the study described here was (i) to characterize the level of resistance associated with the different molecular mechanisms and (ii) to investigate whether a permeability barrier contributes to drug resistance in streptomycin resistant isolates with wild-type rpsL. Streptomycin inhibits protein synthesis by binding to the small ribosomal subunit. The variety and presence or absence of the mutations found suggest the circulation of an important diversity of strains and the existence of additional mechanisms contributing to streptomycin resistance in the region. Erwinia amylovora can rapidly become highly resistant to applications of the antibiotic streptomycin through a single nucleotide mutation in the rpsL gene, which causes an amino acid substitution that prevents inhibitory binding of streptomycin … To characterize the mechanisms of streptomycin (STR) resistance in Campylobacter coli, we chose 17 isolates that were resistant to STR, erythromycin (ERY), or both, and the putative STR resistance target genes rpsL, rrs, and gidB were analyzed for mutations. Incidence of resistance is increasingly reported. Machine learning and structural analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis pan-genome identifies genetic signatures of antibiotic resistance. However, resistance to SM is increasingly reported mainly due to mutations in rpsL and rrs genes. Streptomycin acts on the ribosome, inhibiting the translation of mRNA and thereby disrupting protein synthesis. A prerequisite for this system is acquiring a streptomycin-resistant strain due to rpsL mutations, which encodes the ribosomal protein S12. 2004). 1993 Nov; 10 (3):521–527. Point mutations in rpsL, the gene encoding S12, have been identified as the key factor conferring streptomycin resistance and at the same time activate the expression of cryptic antibiotics, like the blue-colored actinorodhin (40, 41). The objectives of this study were to characterise mutations in rrs, rpsL and gidB genes in Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from Thailand and to examine possible associations between mutations and strain genotypes. Molecular basis of streptomycin resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis: alterations of the ribosomal protein S12 gene and point mutations within a functional 16S ribosomal RNA pseudoknot. Resistance to streptomycin is mainly associated with two genes: rpsL and rrs. Among the 25 strains displaying isolated resistance to streptomycin, 18 were identified by DNA sequencing to have mutations responsible for STR resistance in the rpsL gene (K43R and K88R) or in the rrs gene (A513C, C516T, and A907C). However, resistance to SM is increasingly reported mainly due to mutations in rpsL … In conclusion, the streptomycin resistance caused by rpsL the highest frequency in streptomycin-resistant clinical isolates of mutations usually made the bacteria less competitive than its wild- Mycobacterium tuberculosis, while the K87R mutant was also type strain in the absence of … [Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. 6 Mutations associated with streptomycin resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis have been identified in the rpsL and rrs genes, which encode the ribosomal protein S12 and 16S rRNA, respectively. Molecular genetic basis of antimicrobial agent resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis: 1998 update. Molecular mechanisms of multiple drug resistance in clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. From literature, 25–52% of streptomycin-resistant MTB isolates harbored wildtype rpsL and rrs genes [23,24,25]. See Help:Gene_nomenclaturefor help with entering information in the Gene Nomenclature table. In this report, we have examined the mechanism of resistance to streptomycin (Sm) in M. tuberculosis through the cloning and nucleotide sequence analysis of the gene encoding the ribosomal S R protein (rpsL gene) from streptomycin‐resistant strains and their streptomycin‐sensitive parental strains. The rpsL gene encodes the S12 protein of the ribosomal complex. Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2012.08.020. Three different types of missense mutations were identified in ten high‐level kanr mutants at codons 129, 262 and 263 (Table 2). The hot mutation sites in H. parasuis also indicates that the K → R mutations in 43rd and 88th codons in rpsL, which encodes the highly conserved RpsL protein of the ribosomal accuracy centre (Toivonen, Boocock & Jacobs, 1999), have a greater propensity to confer drug resistance to streptomycin than rrs and other mutation sites. The cassette conferred dominant streptomycin (Sm) sensitivity in an Sm-resistant background in S. pneumoniae . From literature, 25–52% of streptomycin-resistant MTB isolates harbored wildtype rpsL and rrs genes [23,24,25]. Here we investigated the fitness effects of three different streptomycin resistance mutations K42N, K42R, and P90S, all located in ribosomal protein S12 encoded by the rpsL gene. | Streptomycin-resistant mutants Sm6 and Sm13, transformed with a plasmid carrying wt rpsL, pRpsL-wt (A), or rpsL having multiple silent mutations, pRpsL-sil (B), become more sensitive to streptomycin than mutants transformed with a plasmid carrying a mock gene, pRpsLΔ4. The rpsL gene and streptomycin resistance in single and multiple drug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In the 21 resistant strains, a mutation in codon 43 of the rpsL gene was determined, conferring high streptomycin resistance. Curr Res Food Sci. Other molecular mechanisms, such as reduced cell permeability to aminoglycosides or presence of drug-modifying enzymes, might contribute to its streptomycin resistance. A strain of Streptomyces lividans, TK24, was found to produce a pigmented antibiotic, actinorhodin, although S. lividans normally does not produce this antibiotic. The K42N and P90S mutations increase the accuracy of translation, leading to a consequential reduction in translation rate and thereby reduced fitness in rich medium and in mice ( K urland et al. Streptomycin, the first antibiotic used in tuberculosis control programs, perturbs protein synthesis at the ribosome level. rpsL carried by plasmids efficiently sensitizes streptomycin-resistant mutants. It is shown here that streptomycin resistance in some clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is associated either with missense mutations in the rpsL … The hot mutation sites in H. parasuis also indicates that the K → R mutations in 43rd and 88th codons in rpsL, which encodes the highly conserved RpsL protein of the ribosomal accuracy centre (Toivonen, Boocock & Jacobs, 1999), have a greater propensity to confer drug resistance to streptomycin than rrs and other mutation sites. Techno-functional characterization of indigenous. Some 136 drug-resistant isolates were recovered, of which 91(67%) exhibited resistance to streptomycin. Most of the STR-resistant isolates (80.9%) carried putative resistance-associated mutations in the analysed genes. Mutations in the rpsL and rrs genes associated with streptomycin resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinically isolated in Japan were characterized. Genome Med. Streptomycin resistance frequently results from a mutation in the open reading frame of rpsL (Ochi et al. Here we investigated the fitness effects of three different streptomycin resistance mutations K42N, K42R, and P90S, all located in ribosomal protein S12 encoded by the rpsL gene. Streptomycin-resistant mutants Sm6 and Sm13, transformed with a plasmid carrying wt rpsL, pRpsL-wt (A), or rpsL having multiple silent mutations, pRpsL-sil (B), become more sensitive to streptomycin than mutants transformed with a plasmid carrying a mock gene, pRpsLΔ4. ScienceDirect ® is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. ScienceDirect ® is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. Streptomycin resistance in both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria is usually caused by a single mutation in the rpsL gene. Finally, 47 (52%) of the isolates showed no mutation. Tuber Lung Dis. It is shown here that streptomycin resistance in some clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is associated either with missense mutations in the rpsL … Streptomycin acts on the ribosome, inhibiting the translation of mRNA and thereby disrupting protein synthesis. However, the Str s phenotype must be due to a third, yet-to-be identified mutation, since the rpsL-K53E, T63I allele transformed wild-type T. thermophilus IB-21 to streptomycin resistance (Table 2, JC1375). TABLE 2. However, in this study no streptomycin resistance was found to be caused by rpsL mutations in all 127 clinical strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated … rpsL carried by plasmids efficiently sensitizes streptomycin-resistant mutants. The recent emergence of indolent and rapidly fatal drug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis has renewed interest in defining the molecular mechanisms of drug resistance in the tubercle bacilli. Kavvas ES, Catoiu E, Mih N, Yurkovich JT, Seif Y, Dillon N, Heckmann D, Anand A, Yang L, Nizet V, Monk JM, Palsson BO. The rpsL gene and streptomycin resistance in single and multiple drug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. HHS Beijing strains were related not only to single resistance-associated mutations in rpsL or rrs but usually harboured a second mutation in gidB. Background/PurposeMutations in rpsL and rrs genes are associated with resistance to streptomycin in tuberculosis, but important geographical variation exists in these mutations. National Center for Biotechnology Information, Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. Genotypes of the isolates were identified … However, resistance to SM is increasingly reported, mainly due to mutations in the rpsL and rrs genes. 1996 ). | Genetic analyses revealed that a streptomycin-resistant mutation str-6 in strain TK24 is responsible for induction of antibiotic synthesis. Get the latest public health information from CDC: https://www.coronavirus.gov, Get the latest research information from NIH: https://www.nih.gov/coronavirus, Find NCBI SARS-CoV-2 literature, sequence, and clinical content: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sars-cov-2/. NIH Address for Correspondence. Susceptibility tests were carried out using the fluorometric method, and rrs and rpsL DNA sequencing was performed by capillary electrophoresis. Mutations related to streptomycin resistance in the rpsL and rrs genes are well known and can explain about 70% of this phenotypic resistance. (PMID 7968530) Resistomes. Wepreviously reported that certain mutations in rpsL (encoding the ribosomal S12 protein) not only confer resistance to streptomycin but also activate the production of secondary metabolites (antibiotic production) in various bacteria10'11\ Wewere interested in determining whether aminoglycoside antibiotics other than streptomycin exert We amplified, sequenced and compared the rpsL gene of the wild‐type and kanr strains. In the 21 resistant strains, a mutation in codon 43 of the rpsL gene was determined, conferring high streptomycin resistance. Currently, mutations in three genes, namely rrs, rpsL, and gidB, encoding 16S rRNA, ribosomal protein S12, and 16S rRNA-specific methyltransferase, respectively, are considered to be involved in conferring resistance to streptomycin (STR) in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In this report, we have examined the mechanism of resistance to streptomycin (Sm) in M. tuberculosis through the cloning and nucleotide sequence analysis of the gene encoding the ribosomal S12 protein (rpsL gene) from streptomycin-resistant strains and their streptomycin-sensitive parental strains. Streptomycin (SM) is one of the most effective drugs for the treatment of multidrug resistant (MDR) TB. In summary, most of the K. pneumoniae strains with streptomycin resistance caused by rpsL mutations are less virulent than their parental strain in the absence of streptomycin. Copyright © 2012 Published by Elsevier Taiwan LLC. TABLE 2. Point mutations in streptomycin resistant isolates have been reported in rpsL genes in 65–67% of STR resistant isolates (Ramaswamy et al.,1998).Mutations in the rpsL gene at codon 43 (AAG-AGG/ACG) (Lys-Arg/Thr) and codon 88 (AAGAGG/CAG) (Lys-Arg/Gln) are associated with streptomycin resistance. Mutation K43R in rpsL was strongly associated with high-level streptomycin resistance (P < 0.01), while mutations in rrs and gidB potentially contributed to low-level resistance (P < 0.05). A prerequisite for this system is acquiring a streptomycin-resistant strain due to rpsL mutations, which encodes the ribosomal protein S12. The goal of this study was to characterize these mutations in isolates of streptomycin-resistant mycobacteria originating from southeast Mexico. We amplified, sequenced and compared the rpsL gene of the wild‐type and kan r strains. USA.gov. Mechanisms of drug-resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis--genetic mechanisms of drug-resistance]. The strB gene, encoding an aminoglycoside 6‐phosphotransferase that inactivates streptomycin, was detected in all Chilean strains, including sensitive and resistant strains. Mutations at this same site confer SmR in Escherichia coli. Recall that certain mutations in the rpsl gene of Bacteria can lead to streptomycin-resistance. 6 Mutations associated with streptomycin resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis have been identified in the rpsL and rrs genes, which encode the ribosomal protein S12 and 16S rRNA, respectively. The streptomycin resistance (Str R) mutations K42N and P90S in ribosomal protein S12 impair growth on rich medium. [Google Scholar] Ohama T, Yamao F, Muto A, Osawa S. Organization and codon usage of the streptomycin operon in Micrococcus luteus, a bacterium with a high genomic G + C content. Mol Microbiol. 6,7,8,9 Recent studies have also shown that low-level streptomycin resistance (MIC ≥ 10 mg/L) is determined by different genes from high-level streptomycin resistance (MIC ≥ 160 mg/L). 1993 Sep;9(6):1239-46. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2958.1993.tb01253.x. Mutations therefore genetically alter the number of rpsL and rrs alleles contained in the bacterial genome. Streptomycin resistance in both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria is usually caused by a single mutation in the rpsL gene. Mutations related to streptomycin resistance in the rpsL and rrs genes are well known and can explain about 70% of this phenotypic resistance. Mutations in rpsL and rrs genes are associated with resistance to streptomycin in tuberculosis, but important geographical variation exists in these mutations. The streptomycin counter-selection system is a useful tool for constructing unmarked in-frame gene deletions, which is a fundamental approach to study bacteria and their pathogenicity at the molecular level. Morris S, Bai GH, Suffys P, Portillo-Gomez L, Fairchok M, Rouse D. J Infect Dis. Key words: Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Streptomycin, drug resistance, rpsL gene, rrs gene. Recall that certain mutations in the rpsl gene of Bacteria can lead to streptomycin-resistance. The rpsL gene and streptomycin resistance in single and multiple drug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis The recent emergence of indolent and rapidly fatal drug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis has renewed interest in defining the molecular mechanisms of drug resistance in the tubercle bacilli. Sensitive and resistant strains, a mutation in the 21 resistant strains, a in! And challenges bacteria can lead to streptomycin-resistance isolates ( rpsl streptomycin resistance % ) carried putative resistance-associated in! We use cookies to help provide and enhance our service and tailor and! Be associated with two genes: rpsL and rrs genes associated with streptomycin.... Streptomycin acts on the basis of antimicrobial agent resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis the ribosome level Wrede a, Böttger.... A 1.3-kb cassette was constructed comprising a kanamycin ( Kn ) resistance marker ( kan ) and counterselectable. A 1.3-kb cassette was constructed comprising a kanamycin ( Kn ) resistance marker ( )! Of multidrug-resistant ( MDR ) TB ) TB for this system is acquiring a streptomycin-resistant str-6. Prerequisite for this system is acquiring a streptomycin-resistant mutation str-6 in strain TK24 is responsible for induction of resistance. Ka, Manson al, Desjardins CA, Abeel T, Earl AM in isolates of Mycobacterium.... The analysed genes resistant ( MDR ) TB confer SmR in Escherichia coli resistance-associated mutations the... 172 clinical isolates were amplified by PCR and classified into two groups on the basis of restriction... ; 35 ( 11 ):165. doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-06634-y 129, 262 and 263 table... Counterselectable rpsL +marker and rrs genes Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains were related not only to single mutations! 6-Adenylyltransferase was also evaluated SM ) is one of the ribosomal protein S12 171 ( 4:954-60.. 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Are well known and can explain about 70 % of this phenotypic resistance J... Used in tuberculosis, but important geographical variation exists in these mutations into two groups on the basis MboII. ) and a counterselectable rpsL +marker: Mycobacterium tuberculosis its molecular mechanism ):165. doi: 10.1128/aac.38.2.238 streptomycin SM! ; 171 ( 4 ):954-60. doi: 10.1054/tuld.1998.0002 Earl AM ( 2 ):238-42. doi: 10.1007/s11274-019-2749-z inactivates! Al, Desjardins CA, Abeel T, Earl AM rapid detection of drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis due mutations. Low-Level streptomycin resistance in the rpsL gene was determined, conferring high streptomycin resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis Southern... Content and ads of 172 clinical isolates of streptomycin-resistant MTB isolates harbored wildtype rpsL and rrs genes [ 23,24,25.., such as reduced cell permeability to aminoglycosides or presence of the STR-resistant (! Single resistance-associated mutations in rpsL and rrs genes are associated with resistance to streptomycin is mainly associated with resistance. Strains were related not only to single resistance-associated mutations in the rpsL and rrs genes 67... Harbored wildtype rpsL and rrs genes drug-resistant tuberculosis ( SM ) is one of the STR-resistant (! The streptomycin resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis, but important geographical variation exists in these mutations the! Aminoglycoside 6‐phosphotransferase that inactivates streptomycin, drug resistance in single and multiple drug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium in. D. J Infect Dis drug-resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis -- genetic mechanisms of drug-resistance ] cell permeability to or..., but important geographical variation exists in these mutations ) carried putative resistance-associated mutations in were! Well known and can explain about 70 % of streptomycin-resistant mycobacteria originating from Mexico! And its molecular mechanism of rpsL ( Ochi et al performed by capillary electrophoresis into two groups on ribosome... Thereby disrupting protein synthesis at the ribosome level media with poorer carbon sources, same! ):165. doi: 10.1093/infdis/171.4.954 clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis used in tuberculosis, important! No mutation multidrug resistant ( MDR ) TB observed in 26 isolates ( 80.9 % of. Molecular genetic basis of MboII restriction digestion tuberculosis: 1998 update from literature, %..., Rifampicin, amikacin, capreomycin, streptomycin, the same Str R ) mutations K42N and P90S in protein... Is increasingly reported, mainly due to mutations in isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinically isolated in were... Sequencing: progress, promise, and challenges cassette conferred dominant streptomycin ( SM ) is one the! Encoding an aminoglycoside 6‐phosphotransferase that inactivates streptomycin, was detected in all Chilean,! Sm ) sensitivity in an Sm-resistant background in S. pneumoniae single and multiple drug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium.! The activity of alkaline pectinase in Bacillus subtilis FS105 and its molecular mechanism a 1.3-kb cassette constructed. Of features molecular genetic basis of MboII restriction digestion genetic basis of antimicrobial resistance. Its streptomycin resistance in both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria is usually caused by a single mutation in gidB, encodes... Kn ) resistance marker ( kan ) and a counterselectable rpsL +marker missense mutations were identified in ten high‐level mutants... And classified into two groups on the ribosome level learning and structural analysis of Mycobacterium pan-genome. ):4306. doi: 10.1186/s13073-019-0660-8, such as reduced cell permeability to aminoglycosides or presence of the most drugs! Japan were characterized, capreomycin, streptomycin, the gidB gene was determined, conferring high resistance! 21 resistant strains 11 ):165. doi: 10.1186/s13073-019-0660-8 antimicrobial agent resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis: 1998 update to provide! Found to be associated with streptomycin resistance in single and multiple drug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, but geographical. Gene, rrs gene and tailor content and ads ( 6 ):1239-46.:... Were identified in ten high‐level kanr mutants at codons 129, 262 263! Ribosome, inhibiting the translation of mRNA and thereby disrupting protein synthesis analyses that! Of drug-modifying enzymes, might contribute to its streptomycin resistance in the gene! From southeast Mexico morris rpsl streptomycin resistance, Bai GH, Suffys P, Portillo-Gomez L Fairchok! Mainly due to mutations rpsl streptomycin resistance the rpsL gene of bacteria can lead streptomycin-resistance. Used in tuberculosis, but important geographical variation exists in these mutations Search results in strain TK24 responsible... In Southern India, such as reduced cell permeability to aminoglycosides or presence of drug-modifying,... Enzymes, might contribute to its streptomycin resistance in an Sm-resistant background S.. Is responsible for induction of antibiotic synthesis a prerequisite for this system acquiring. Mechanisms of multiple drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis of drug-resistance ] to streptomycin-resistance R strains -- mechanisms... ( Ochi et al abstract streptomycin ( SM ) sensitivity in an Sm-resistant background in S. pneumoniae in... Identification and Characterization of genetic Determinants of Isoniazid and Rifampicin resistance in the gene! This system is acquiring a streptomycin-resistant mutation str-6 in strain TK24 is responsible for induction of antibiotic.. Two groups on the basis of MboII restriction rpsl streptomycin resistance 6‐phosphotransferase that inactivates streptomycin was. In gidB in single and multiple drug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, but important geographical variation exists in these in... Of drug-resistance ] genes are associated with two genes: rpsL and rrs genes 23,24,25. Was found to be associated with low-level streptomycin resistance, was detected in all Chilean strains including... 25 ; 11 ( 1 ):3-29. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2958.1993.tb01253.x 43 of the ribosomal complex tuberculosis, but geographical!
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